Madd — Elongation Rules

Madd — Rules of Elongation

Madd (مد) refers to lengthening the voice on certain letters. The base unit is a harakah (beat/count).

Natural Madd (Madd Asli) — 2 counts

Always applied when: ا ي و appear with the matching vowel and no hamza or sukoon follows.

Connected Madd (Madd Muttasil) — 4-5 counts

When a madd letter is immediately followed by hamza in the same word.

Example: جَاءَ — ja'a

Disconnected Madd (Madd Munfasil) — 2-5 counts

When a madd letter at end of one word is followed by hamza starting next word.

Example: إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ

Madd al-Lazim — 6 counts

When a madd letter is followed by sukoon (permanent or stopping sukoon).

Always 6 counts — no variation.

Example: الضَّالِّينَ — the ll has sukoon

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